all states of matter

BC 8 Science Grade 8 (June 2016) Big Idea: The behaviour of matter can be explained by the kinetic molecular theory and atomic theory.

YT 8 Science Grade 8 (British Columbia, June 2016) Big Idea: The behaviour of matter can be explained by the kinetic molecular theory and atomic theory.

Chemistry helps us understand the properties and composition of the world around us. Here you will learn about the states of matter, as well as lots about one state in particular (three guesses – it’s not solid or liquid...).

States Of Matter Worksheets

Depending on temperature,  pressure and a substance’s properties, a substance can take on different physical forms. We call these physical forms States of Matter. There are three very well known states of matter: Solids,  Liquids, and Gases. Other states of matter also exist. These include Plasma (a state of matter similar to a gas, but contains free-moving electrons and ions - atoms that have lost electrons) and Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) (waves of matter that can occur with some types of atoms at super cold temperatures).

The forces between particles and the pressure on particles keep the particles together. If we warm up matter (add energy), the particles start moving faster and tend to spread apart. This movement of particles has a large effect on the state of a substance.

In solids, the forces keeping the particles together are relatively strong, and the particles stay very close to each other. The particles can vibrate but they are not moving around much. This is why solids are hard and rigid. Left on their own, solids will keep their shape.

Modern States Of Matter Fun Facts For Kids

In liquids, the forces between the particles are weaker than in solids. Particles are still fairly close together, but can move around freely. Liquids can flow around inside a container, and don’t have any particular fixed shape.

Gases are difficult to relate to because they are often invisible, but found all around. You can feel them when, for example, the wind blows. You can sometimes smell them when, for example, you smell the odour of food that is cooking, or when a skunk has been upset. Some gases are important for our health (e.g., oxygen) while others can be deadly (e.g., hydrogen sulfide and chlorine). Before surgery, you may receive an anaesthetic gas, which contains chemicals, to relieve pain and make you unconscious during the procedure. Gases are also responsible for the force of explosions. Let’s have a closer look at gases.

There are elemental gases (made up of a single element) and gases that are compounds (made up of more than one element). The symbols of the elemental gases can be found in any Periodic Table of Elements. They are summarized in the chart below.

States Of Matter Solid Liquid And Gas Illustrations, Royalty Free Vector Graphics & Clip Art

A diatomic gas is one in which the basic unit is a molecule made of two atoms joined together. A monatomic gas is one in which the basic unit is a single atom. Most gases, however, are compounds with two or more different elements chemically united. The most common one is water vapour, HStates of matter are forms in which matter exists. The four states of matter observed in everyday life are solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. Other states of matter also exist, although they require special conditions. Here is a look at the states of matter, their properties, and the names of phase transitions between them.

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. It consists of subatomic particles, atoms, ions, and compounds. Sometimes these particles are tightly bound and close together, while other times particles are loosely connected and widely separated. States of matter describe the qualities displayed by matter. Basically, the state of matter of a substance depends on how much energy its particles have.

We can change the energy of matter by altering its temperature or pressure, causing matter to transition from one state to another. But, when matter changes state, its chemical identity remains the same. So, if you take ice, melt it, and then boil it, its state of matter changes, but it’s always water.

Phases Of Matter Images

The four fundamental states of matter are solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. But, scientists are discovering new states of matter that exist under extreme conditions.

A solid is a state of matter with a defined shape and volume. Atoms, ions, and molecules in a solid pack tightly together and may form crystals. Examples of solids include rocks, ice, diamond, and wood.

A liquid is a state of matter with a defined volume, but no defined shape. In other words, liquids take the shape of their container. Particles in a liquid have more energy than in a solid, so they are further apart and less organized (more random). Examples of liquids include water, juice, and vegetable oil.

What Are States Of Matter?

A gas is a state of matter lacking either a defined volume or defined shape. Like a liquid, a gas takes the shape of a container. Unlike a liquid, a gas easily expands or contracts to fill the entire volume of the container. Particles in a gas have more energy than in solids or liquids. They tend to be further apart and move more randomly than in a liquid. Examples of gases include air, water vapor, and helium.

Plasma is a state of matter similar to a gas, except all of the particles carry an electrical charge. Also, plasma tends to exist at very low pressure, so the particles are even further apart than in a gas. Plasma can consist of ions, electrons, or protons. Examples of plasma include lightning, the aurora, the Sun, and the inside of a neon sign.

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is sometimes called the fifth state of matter. In Bose-Einstein condensate, atoms and ions stop behaving as separate particles and collapse into a single quantum state that can be described using a single wavefunction. This state of matter was verified experimentally in 1995 by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman. Bose-Einstein condensate is “colder” than an ordinary solid and may form very near absolute zero.

States Of Matter Venn Diagram Activity

A superfluid is a second liquid state formed by some types of matter. A superfluid displays zero viscosity. In other words, it has no resistance to flow. Superfluidity was observed for helium in 1937. Because it could flow without friction, superfluid helium climbed the walls of its container and dripped over the sides. Like Bose-Einstein condensate, superfluidity occurs near absolute zero.

A fermionic condensate is a state of matter similar to a Bose-Einstein condensate, except it consists of fermions, such as quarks and leptons. Normally, the Pauli exclusion principle forbids fermions from entering the same quantum state. In a fermionic condensate, a pair of fermions behaves as a boson, allowing multiple pairs to enter the same quantum state.

Rydberg matter is a type of plasma formed when excited ions condense. You can think of it as dusty plasma. So far, it occurs in the elements hydrogen, potassium, nitrogen, and cesium. This type of matter consists mainly of small hexagonal planar clusters. Scientists make Rydberg matter in a lab or observe it in the upper atmosphere of planets and in clouds in space.

States Of Matter Online Pdf Worksheet

Photonic matter is the state of matter formed when photons interact with a gas in such a way that the photons have apparent mass and can interact with each other. Photons with apparent mass can even form photonic “molecules.”

Color-glass condensate is a state of matter proposed to exist when atomic nuclei travel near the speed of liquid. Because of their speed, the nucleus appears compressed along its direction of motion. This causes the gluons of the nucleus to appear as a sort of wall or region of increased density.

Changes in temperature and pressure causes matter to change from one state to another. This change is called a phase transition or phase change. Examples of phase transitions including the melting of ice (a solid) into water (a liquid) and the boiling of water into water vapor (a gas). Here are the names of the phase transitions between solids, liquids, gases, and plasma:We look at five states of matter on the site. Solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) are different states of matter that have different physical properties. Solids are often hard, liquids fill containers, and gases surround us in the air. Each of these states is also known as a phase.

Talk About It! States Of Matter :

How does matter change from one state to another? Elements and compounds can move from one state to another when specific physical conditions change. For example, when the temperature of a system goes up, the matter in the system becomes more excited and active. If enough energy is pushed into a system, a phase change may occur as the matter moves to a more active state.

O). When the temperature of the water goes up, the molecules get more excited and bounce around a lot more. If you give a liquid water molecule enough energy, it escapes the liquid phase and becomes a gas. The extra energy allows the molecules to change states.

Have you ever noticed that you can smell a turkey dinner after it starts to heat up? As the energy of the molecules inside the turkey heat up, they escape as a gas. You are able to smell the volatile compounds that are

Phases Of Matter